英语原因状语从句和让步状语从句的使用方法
2023-10-06 09:32:12
英语原因状语从句和让步状语从句的使用方法
一、原因状语从句
1. 定义
原因状语从句是指通过使用从句来描述主句动作或状态的原因的句子。通常，从句由连词because、since、as等引导，主句则由动词或形容词引导。
2. 常见原因状语从句的原因
a. 事情发生的直接原因：这种原因通常是明显的，如“因为他努力工作，所以他得到了晋升。”
b. 感情、态度或观点：这种原因通常与人的感情、态度或观点有关，如“因为他们相爱，所以他们决定结婚。”
c. 一种或多种情况或事实：这种原因可以是一种情况或事实，也可以是多种情况或事实，如“因为大雪封路，我们无法去上学。”
3. 使用方法
在使用原因状语从句时，需要注意以下几点：
a. 从句和主句的时态要一致。
b. 从句要与主句的逻辑关系紧密相连。
c. 避免使用冗长或复杂的从句结构，尽量使用简洁的语言来表达。
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1. 定义
让步状语从句是指通过使用从句来表达主句动作或状态的对立或相反情况的句子。通常，从句由连词though、although、even if等引导，主句则由让步状语从句中的对立或相反情况来进行让步。
2. 常见让步状语从句的让步
a. 尽管：这种让步是指尽管从句中的情况与主句中的动作或状态相反，但主句中的动作或状态仍然存在，如“尽管他很累，但他仍然坚持工作。”
b. 即使：这种让步是指即使从句中的情况成立，主句中的动作或状态仍然保持不变，如“即使你不同意我的观点，我也会尊重你的意见。”
c. 尽管如此：这种让步是指尽管从句中的情况与主句中的动作或状态相反，但主句中的动作或状态仍然可能存在或实现，如“尽管如此，我仍然认为我们可以改变这个结果。”
3. 使用方法
在使用让步状语从句时，需要注意以下几点：
a. 从句和主句的时态要一致。
b. 从句要与主句的逻辑关系紧密相连。
c. 避免使用冗长或复杂的从句结构，尽量使用简洁的语言来表达。
分类 从属连词 例句
原因状语从句 because因为，
as因为，
since既然 He couldn’t have seen me because I was not there. 他不可能看见我，因为我当时不在那儿。
As it rained, we all stayed at home. 由于下雨我们都待在家里。
Since we are all here, let’s reach a decision now. 既然大家都来了，现在让我们做决定吧。
Now that /
in that /
seeing that /
considering that既然，由于 I needn’t say anything in that you have known it. 既然你已经知道了，我就没有必要说什么了。
Considering that he is very young, he does it very well. 考虑到他很年轻，他做得很不错了。
让步状语从句 although / though虽然，尽管 Though he is very poor, he is very happy. 他虽然很穷，但是很快乐。
Although he is young, he is very clever. 他尽管年轻，但很聪明。
尽管as Hard as I tried, I was unable to make great progress. 尽管我尽力了，但是仍然不能取得大的进步。
Clever as he is, he doesn’t study well. 尽管他聪明，但是他学习并不好。
even if / even though 即使 Even if he is very busy, he always helps me. 即使他很忙，他也总是帮助我。
I will have a try even though I should fail. 即使会失败，我也要试一下。
whether... or...不管……还是…… Whether the weather is good or bad, we will set off as planned. 不管天气是好还是坏，我们都将按计划启程。
whatever / whoever / whenever / however等词可以引导状语从句 No matter which (Whichever) road you take, you will arrive safely. 不管你走哪条路，你都能安全到达。
However (No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it. 无论它有多贵，我都要买下它。
【知识拓展]
＂疑问词 + -ever’与＂no matter + 疑问词＂的用法：＂疑问词 + -ever＂作为引导词，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于＂no matter + 疑问词＂。
Keep calm, whatever/no matter what happens. 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。
Whosever/No matter whose bag it is, it will be kept here until the owner returns. 不管这是谁的包，都要保管到主人回来。
用正确的介词或副词填空
1. I feel strongly that each of us should play a role _____ making the earth a better place to live.
2. It is well known that the giant panda is native ______ China.
3. They also have bad teeth, because _____ the sugar which they are always eating.
4. With so many questions coming _____, we have become more and more busy.
5. All the people present _____ the meeting were surprised to hear the news.
6. Seeing their commander shot, the enemy fled _____ all directions.
7. This news is based _____ facts. It is not made up.
8. The library is _____ the right of the garden, which is in the middle of the yard.
9. He’s a shy boy who can’t communicate _____ other people very well.
10. The invention of the computer was recognized _____ a milestone in the history of man.
【答案】
1. in 2. to 3. of 4. up 5. at
6. in 7. on/upon 8. on 9. with 10. As
根据示范，用括号里的词把下列句子改为间接引语。
Model: “Please could you come to the reception desk?” (she / ask / him)
She asked him to come to the reception desk.
1. “Could you please give me some coins to make a phone call?” (Mike/ask/his friend)
2. “Let’s go to the theatre.” (he/suggest …)
3. “Don’t play a trick on me again.” (she / tell/him)
4. “Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.” (she/remind/me)
5. “You mustn’t skate on such thin ice.” (Mr. Zhang/warn/ the children)
【答案】
1. Mike asked his friend to give him some coins to make a phone call.
2. He suggested our going to the theatre.
Or: He suggested that we (should) go to the theatre.
3. She told him not to play a trick on her again.
4. She reminded me not to forget to turn off the lights when I left.
5. Mr. Zhang warned the children not to skate on such thin ice
